经济弃儿行动扰乱了数字资产交易，为伊朗政权提供支持

经济弃儿行动扰乱了数字资产交易，为伊朗政权提供了支持美国财政部
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经济弃儿行动扰乱了数字资产交易，为伊朗政权提供支持
2026 年 9 月 17 日
华盛顿——今天，美国财政部外国资产控制办公室 (OFAC) 指定 BitBank（由 OFAC 指定的伊朗金融家 Babak Zanjani (Zanjani) 控制的优先数字资产企业）作为特朗普政府针对伊朗伊斯兰共和国及其推动者的整体政府经济行动“经济流亡者行动”的一部分。今天的指定还包括 BitBank 的开发商 Pishtaz Simorgh 电子贸易公司 (Pishtaz Simorgh) 和 Zanjani 的三名同事：Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein、Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein 和 Seyed Adel Heidari。今天指定的实体和个人是伊朗政权基于数字资产的制裁规避基础设施的关键组成部分。
美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特 (Scott Bessent) 表示：“今天对伊朗数字资产基础设施的指定完全清楚地表明，使用加密货币为伊朗政权融资的努力并非超出 OFAC 的能力范围。” “如果你支持伊朗政权，财政部就会制裁你。”
自今年 6 月以来，OFAC 指定的霍尔木兹安全海事服务管理局已使用 BitBank 将其收到的付款转移给伊朗政权。这一行动直接打击了赞贾尼为洗钱并将数亿美元的比特币转移给伊斯兰革命卫队而建立的架构，包括数字资产平台及其支持开发商。
今天的指定是根据第 13902 号行政命令 (E.O.) 做出的，该命令针对伊朗的数字资产行业（作为经济登陆日的一部分做出的决定）以及伊朗经济的许多其他部门。这一权力的扩大使用使财政部有能力追查和破坏伊朗政权通过数字资产逃避制裁的努力。财政部将继续不仅针对伊朗数字资产生态系统，还将针对有助于促进其发展的国际实体和参与者。有关伊朗数字资产交易所相关制裁风险的更多信息，请参阅常见问题解答 1250 和常见问题解答 1257。
经济孤立行动正在孤立伊朗政权
国务卿贝森特于 2026 年 8 月 24 日宣布，被称为“经济诺曼底登陆”的“经济弃儿行动”正在切断维持伊朗政权的剩余经济生命线。美国财政部绘制了伊朗用于走私石油、逃避制裁和资助恐怖活动的网络、协调者和金融渠道。财政部与美国政府、欧盟、英国、海湾合作伙伴等合作伙伴合作，打击该政权非法收入的任何来源。
美国财政部警告称，任何代表伊朗协助洗钱或逃避制裁的实体都有可能被美国金融体系切断。财政部还强调，那些继续与伊朗政权做生意的人将面临二次制裁，并将加快美国执法的步伐。有关“经济流亡者行动”的更多信息，请参见此处。
BITBANK：BABAK ZANJANI 加密货币交易所
2026 年 1 月 30 日和 2026 年 7 月 24 日，OFAC 指定了多个与 Zanjani 相关的数字资产实体和服务商。 2016 年，赞贾尼因挪用 OFAC 指定的伊朗国家石油公司 (NIOC) 的数百万美元而在伊朗被判处死刑，并于 2024 年减刑。到 2025 年，他重新公开成为与政权相关的经济项目的支持者。除了备受瞩目的基础设施和交通企业外，赞贾尼还建立了一个数字资产公司网络，部分用于为伊斯兰革命卫队洗钱。通过这种综合基础设施，赞贾尼的企业既充当面向公众的商业企业，又充当秘密金融平台，能够逃避制裁并支持伊朗国家相关实体。
BitBank 是一家伊朗数字资产交易所。至少自 2024 年起，Zanjani 就在其社交媒体账户上宣传 BitBank 的服务，并且 BitBank 已被 Zanjani 逃避制裁网络内的多家其他公司列为合作伙伴。今年 6 月至 7 月期间，赞贾尼利用 BitBank 将价值数亿美元的比特币转移到 IRGC。 BitBank 数字资产软件的开发商是 Pishtaz Simorgh 电子贸易公司（Pishtaz Simorgh），该公司是 OFAC 指定的 Dot One Value Creation Group（Dot One）的子公司。 Pishtaz Simorgh 围绕 BitBank 打造了一个品牌。 OFAC 根据 E.O. 指定 BitBank 和 Pishtaz Simorgh。 13902 用于在伊朗经济的数字资产领域运营。
Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein、Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein 和 Seyed Adel Heidari 都是 Zanjani Dot One 的高管，也是 Zanjani 数字资产制裁规避网络的关键副手。侯赛因·阿里·扎克·侯赛因参与了赞贾尼的大部分逃避制裁活动，包括伊朗石油出口和其他数字资产转移。此外，侯赛因·阿里·扎克·侯赛因还促成了数字资产交易，这些交易最终流向了伊斯兰革命卫队。 Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein 是 Dot One 的经理和代表，也是 Pishtaz Simorgh 的首席执行官。 Seyed Adel Heidari 是 Dot One 董事会副主席。
OFAC 根据 E.O. 指定 Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein。 13902 直接或间接为 Zanjani 行事或声称为 Zanjani 行事或代表 Zanjani 行事。此外，OFAC 根据 E.O. 指定 Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein。根据 E.O. 13902 直接或间接代表 Pishtaz Simorgh 和 Seyed Adel Heidari 行事或声称行事。 13902 直接或间接为 Dot One 行事或声称为 Dot One 行事或代表 Dot One 行事。
制裁的影响
由于今天的行动，上述被指定或被阻止的人员在美国境内或由美国人拥有或控制的所有财产和财产权益均被冻结，并且必须向 OFAC 报告。此外，由一名或多名被封锁人员直接或间接、单独或合计拥有 50% 或以上股份的任何实体也将被封锁。除非获得 OFAC 颁发的一般或特定许可证授权或豁免，否则 OFAC 的法规通常禁止美国人或在美国境内（或过境）进行所有涉及指定或以其他方式被阻止的人员的任何财产或财产权益的交易。
违反美国制裁可能会导致美国和外国人受到民事或刑事处罚。 OFAC 可以在严格责任的基础上对违反制裁行为处以民事处罚。 OFAC 的经济制裁执行指南提供了有关 OFAC 执行美国经济制裁的更多信息。此外，金融机构和其他人员可能会因参与涉及指定人员或以其他方式被封锁的人员的某些交易或活动而面临受到制裁的风险。这些禁令包括由任何指定或被阻止的人员向任何指定或被阻止的人员或为其利益提供任何捐款或提供资金、货物或服务，或从任何此类人员处接受任何捐款或提供资金、货物或服务。非美国还禁止任何人导致或密谋导致美国人有意或无意违反美国制裁，以及从事逃避美国制裁的行为。向金融犯罪执法网络的举报人激励计划提供有关违反制裁行为的信息的美国或国外个人可能有资格获得奖励，如果满足以下条件：
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Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime | U.S. Department of the Treasury
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Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime
September 17, 2026
WASHINGTON —Today, the Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated BitBank , a priority digital assets venture controlled by OFAC-designated Iranian financier Babak Zanjani (Zanjani), as part of Operation Economic Outcast, the Trump Administration’s whole-of-government economic campaign against the Islamic Republic of Iran and its enablers. Today’s designations also include BitBank’s developer, Pishtaz Simorgh Electronic Trade Company ( Pishtaz Simorgh ) and three associates of Zanjani: Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein , Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein , and Seyed Adel Heidari . The entities and individuals designated today are key components of the Iranian regime’s digital assets-based sanctions evasion infrastructure.
“Today’s designations of Iranian digital asset infrastructure make perfectly clear that efforts to finance the Iranian regime using cryptocurrencies are not beyond OFAC’s reach,” said Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent . “If you support the Iranian regime, the Department of the Treasury will sanction you.”
Since June of this year, OFAC-designated Hormuz Safe Marine Services Authority has used BitBank to transfer payments it received to the Iranian regime. The action directly strikes at the architecture Zanjani built to launder funds and transfer hundreds of millions of dollars in Bitcoin to the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, including digital asset platforms and their supporting developers.
Today’s designations are taken pursuant to Executive Order (E.O.) 13902, which targets Iran’s digital asset sector—a determination made as part of Economic D-Day —as well as many other sectors of the Iranian economy. The expanded use of this authority grants the Department of the Treasury significant abilities to pursue and disrupt the Iranian regime’s efforts to evade sanctions through digital assets. The Department of the Treasury will continue to not only target the Iranian digital asset ecosystem, but also international entities and actors which help facilitate it. For more information on sanctions risk associated with Iranian digital asset exchanges, please see FAQ 1250 and FAQ 1257 .
OPERATION ECONOMIC OUTCAST IS ISOLATING THE IRANIAN REGIME
Announced by Secretary Bessent on August 24, 2026 and dubbed “Economic D-Day,” Operation Economic Outcast is severing the remaining economic lifelines that sustain the Iranian regime. Treasury has mapped the networks, facilitators, and financial channels that Iran uses to smuggle oil, evade sanctions, and fund terror. Working with partners across the U.S. government, the European Union, United Kingdom, Gulf partners, and others, Treasury is targeting any source of the regime’s illicit revenue.
Treasury warned that any entity facilitating money laundering or sanctions evasion on behalf of Iran risks being cut off from the U.S. financial system. Treasury also emphasized the secondary sanctions exposure for those who continue doing business with the Iranian regime and will accelerate the pace of U.S. enforcement. More information on Operation Economic Outcast is available here .
BITBANK: A BABAK ZANJANI CRYPTOCURRENCY EXCHANGE
On January 30, 2026 and July 24, 2026 , OFAC designated multiple Zanjani-linked digital assets entities and facilitators. After being sentenced to death in Iran in 2016 for embezzling millions from the OFAC-designated National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Zanjani’s sentence was commuted in 2024. By 2025, he had publicly re-emerged as a backer of regime-linked economic projects. Alongside high‑profile infrastructure and transportation ventures, Zanjani built a network of digital asset companies used in part to launder money for the IRGC. Through this combined infrastructure, Zanjani’s enterprises have served as both public‑facing commercial ventures and covert financial platforms enabling sanctions evasion and support to Iranian state‑linked entities.
BitBank is an Iranian digital assets exchange. Since at least 2024, Zanjani has advertised BitBank’s services on his social media accounts, and it has been listed as a partner by multiple other companies within Zanjani’s sanctions evasion network. Between June and July of this year, Zanjani utilized BitBank to facilitate the transfer of hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of Bitcoin to the IRGC. The developer of BitBank’s digital assets software is Pishtaz Simorgh Electronic Trade Company ( Pishtaz Simorgh ), a subsidiary of OFAC-designated Dot One Value Creation Group (Dot One). Pishtaz Simorgh has built a brand around BitBank. OFAC is designating BitBank and Pishtaz Simorgh pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the digital asset sector of the Iranian economy.
Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein , Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein , and Seyed Adel Heidari are all executives of Zanjani’s Dot One and key lieutenants for Zanjani’s digital assets sanctions evasion network. Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein has been involved in the majority of Zanjani’s sanctions evasion activity, including the export of Iranian oil and other digital asset transfers. Additionally, Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein has brokered digital asset transactions which ultimately went to the IRGC. Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein is a Dot One manager and representative and is the CEO of Pishtaz Simorgh. Seyed Adel Heidari is the Vice Chairman of Dot One’s board of directors.
OFAC is designating Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein pursuant to E.O. 13902 for having acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, Zanjani. Additionally, OFAC is designating Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein pursuant to E.O. 13902 for having acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, Pishtaz Simorgh, and Seyed Adel Heidari pursuant to E.O. 13902 for having acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, Dot One.
SANCTIONS IMPLICATIONS
As a result of today’s action, all property and interests in property of the designated or blocked persons described above that are in the United States or in the possession or control of U.S. persons are blocked and must be reported to OFAC. In addition, any entities that are owned, directly or indirectly, individually or in the aggregate, 50 percent or more by one or more blocked persons are also blocked. Unless authorized by a general or specific license issued by OFAC, or exempt, OFAC’s regulations generally prohibit all transactions by U.S. persons or within (or transiting) the United States that involve any property or interests in property of designated or otherwise blocked persons.
Violations of U.S. sanctions may result in the imposition of civil or criminal penalties on U.S. and foreign persons. OFAC may impose civil penalties for sanctions violations on a strict liability basis. OFAC’s Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines provide more information regarding OFAC’s enforcement of U.S. economic sanctions. In addition, financial institutions and other persons may risk exposure to sanctions for engaging in certain transactions or activities involving designated or otherwise blocked persons. The prohibitions include the making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any designated or blocked person, or the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services from any such person. Non-U.S. persons are also prohibited from causing or conspiring to cause U.S. persons to wittingly or unwittingly violate U.S. sanctions, as well as engaging in conduct that evades U.S. sanctions. Individuals located in the U.S. or abroad who provide information about sanctions violations to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network’s whistleblower incentive program may be eligible for awards if the information they provide leads to a successful enforcement action that results in monetary penalties exceeding $1,000,000.
The power and integrity of OFAC sanctions derive not only from OFAC’s ability to designate and add persons to the SDN List, but also from its willingness to remove persons from the SDN List consistent with the law. The ultimate goal of sanctions is not to punish, but to bring about a positive change in behavior. For information concerning the process for seeking removal from an OFAC list, including the SDN List, please refer to OFAC’s Frequently Asked Question 897 here ,and to submit a request for removal, click here .
Click here for more information on the persons designated and any property identified as blocked property today .
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